Eulers Totient Theorem

Eulers Totient Theorem Rundown  â Euler Totient hypothesis is a summed up type of Fermats Little hypothesis. All things considered, it exclusively relies upon Fermats Little Theorem as showed in Eulers concentrate in 1763 and, later in 1883, the hypothesis was named after him by J. J. Sylvester. As indicated by Sylvester, the hypothesis is fundamentally about the change in comparability. The term Totient was gotten from Quotient, henceforth, the capacity manages division, however in a one of a kind way. As such, The Eulers Totient work à Ã¢â‚¬ for any whole number (n) can be delineated, as the figure of positive whole numbers isn't more noteworthy than and co-prime to n. a㠏†(n) = 1 (mod n) In view of Leonhard Eulers commitments toward the improvement of this hypothesis, the hypothesis was named after him notwithstanding the way that it was a speculation of Fermats Little Theory in which n is recognized to be prime. In light of this reality, some insightful source alludes to this hypothesis as the Fermats-Euler hypothesis of Eulers speculation. Presentation I initially built up an enthusiasm for Euler when I was finishing an audience crossword; the hid message read Euler was the ace of the crossword. At the point when I originally observed the consideration of the name Euler on the rundown of brief words, I had no choice however to simply let it all out. Euler was a popular mathematician in the eighteenth century, who was recognized for his commitment in the science discipline, as he was answerable for demonstrating various issues and guesses. Accepting the number hypothesis for instance, Euler progressively assumed an imperative job in demonstrating the two-square hypothesis just as the Fermats little hypothesis (Griffiths and Peter 81). His commitment likewise prepared to demonstrating the four-square hypothesis. In this manner, in this course venture, I am going to concentrate on his hypothesis, which isn't known to many; it is a speculation of Fermats little hypothesis that is usually known as Eulers hypothesis. Hypothesis Eulers Totient hypothesis holds that in the event that an and n are coprime positive whole numbers, at that point since Þâ ¦n is an Eulers Totient work. Eulers Totient Function Eulers Totient Function (Þâ ¦n) is the check of positive whole numbers that are less that n and moderately prime to n. For example, Þâ ¦10 is 4, since there are four numbers, which are under 10 and are generally prime to 10: 1, 3, 7, 9. Subsequently, Þâ ¦11 is 10, since there 11 prime numbers which are under 10 and are moderately prime to 10. A similar way, Þâ ¦6 is 2 as 1 and 5 are generally prime to 6, however 2, 3, and 4 are most certainly not. The accompanying table speaks to the totients of numbers up to twenty. N Þâ ¦n 2 1 3 2 4 2 5 4 6 2 7 6 8 4 9 6 10 4 11 10 12 4 13 12 14 6 15 8 16 8 17 16 18 6 19 18 20 8 A portion of these models try to demonstrate Eulers totient hypothesis. Let n = 10 and a = 3. For this situation, 10 and 3 are co-prime for example moderately prime. Utilizing the gave table, unmistakably Þâ ¦10 = 4. At that point this connection can likewise be spoken to as follows: 34 = 81 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ 1 (mode 10). On the other hand, if n = 15 and a = 2, unmistakably 28 = 256 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ 1 (mod 15). Fermats Little Theory As indicated by Liskov (221), Eulers Totient hypothesis is an improvement of Fermats little hypothesis and works with each n that are moderately prime to a. Fermats little hypothesis just works for an and p that are moderately prime. a p-1 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ 1 (mod p) or on the other hand a p à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ a (mod p) where p itself is prime. It is, in this way, obvious that this condition fits in the Eulers Totient hypothesis for each prime p, as showed in Þâ ¦p, where p is a prime and is given by p-1. In this way, to demonstrate Eulers hypothesis, it is fundamental to initially demonstrate Fermats little hypothesis. Confirmation to Fermats Little Theorem As prior showed, the Fermats little hypothesis can be communicated as follows: ap à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ a (mod p) taking two numbers: an and p, that are generally prime, where p is likewise prime. The arrangement of a {a, 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦(p-1)a}㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦(i) Consider another arrangement of number {1, 2, 3, 4, 5㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦.(p-1a)}㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦(ii) On the off chance that one chooses to take the modulus for p, every component of the set (I) will be compatible to a thing in the subsequent set (ii). Subsequently, there will be one on one correspondence between the two sets. This can be demonstrated as lemma 1. Thusly, in the event that one chooses to take the result of the main set, that is {a x 2a x 3a x 4a x 5a x à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦. (p-1)a } just as the result of the second set as {1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ (p-1)}. Plainly both of these sets are consistent to each other; that is, every component in the main set matches another component in the subsequent set (Liskov 221). Accordingly, the two sets can be spoken to as follows: {a x 2a x 3a x 4a x 5a x à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦. (p-1)a } à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ {1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ (p-1)} (mode p). On the off chance that one takes out the factor a p-1 from the left-hand side (L.H.S), the resultant condition will be Ap-1 {a x 2a x 3a x 4a x 5a x à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦. (p-1)a } à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ {1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ (p-1)} (mode p). On the off chance that a similar condition is separated by {1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ (p-1)} when p is prime, one will acquire a p à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ a (mod p) or then again a p-1 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ 1 (mod p) It ought to be evident that every component in the main set ought to compare to another component in the subsequent set (components of the set are harmonious). Despite the fact that this isn't evident at the initial step, it can in any case be demonstrated through three legitimate strides as follows: Every component in the primary set ought to be compatible to one component in the subsequent set; this suggests none of the components will be consistent to 0, as pand an are generally prime. No two numbers in the principal set can be marked as ba or ca. On the off chance that this is done, a few components in the principal set can be equivalent to those in the subsequent set. This would suggest that two numbers are compatible to one another for example ba à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ ca (mod p), which would imply that b à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ c (mod p) which isn't accurate numerically, since both the component are different and not as much as p. A component in the primary set can not be consistent to two numbers in the subsequent set, since a number must be compatible to numbers that contrast by various of p. Through these three standards, one can demonstrate Fermats Little Theorem. Evidence of Eulers Totient Theorem Since the Fermats little hypothesis is a unique type of Eulers Totient hypothesis, it follows that the two confirmations gave before in this investigation are comparative, yet slight alterations should be made to Fermats little hypothesis to legitimize Eulers Totient hypothesis (KrãÅ"Ã¥'iãÅ"⠁zãÅ"Ã¥'ek 97). This should be possible by utilizing the condition a Þâ ¦n à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ 1 (mod n) where the two numbers, an and n, are generally prime, with the arrangement of figures N, which are moderately prime to n {1, n1. n2㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦.n Þâ ¦n }. This set is probably going to have Þâ ¦n component, which is characterized by the quantity of the generally prime number to n. Similarly, in the second set aN, every single component is a result of a just as a component of N {a, an1, an2, an3㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦anãžâ ¦n}. Every component of the set aN absolute necessity be harmonious to another component in the set N (mode n) as supported by the prior three guidelines. Accordingly, every component of the two sets will be harmonious to one another (Giblin 111). In this situation case, it very well may be said that: {a x an1 x an2 x an3 x à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦. a Þâ ¦n } à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ {a xã‚â n1 x n2 x n3 x à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦.n Þâ ¦n } (mod n). By considering out an and aãžâ ¦n from the left-hand side, one can acquire the accompanying condition a Þâ ¦n {1 x n1 x n2 x n3 x à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦.n Þâ ¦n} à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ {1 x n1 x n2 x n3 x à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦.n Þâ ¦n } (mod n) On the off chance that this acquired condition is partitioned by {1 x n1 x n2 x n3 x à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦.n Þâ ¦n } from the two sides, all the components in the two sets will be generally prime. The acquired condition will be as per the following: a Þâ ¦n à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¡ 1 (mod n) Utilization of the Eulers Theorem Not at all like different Eulers works in the number hypothesis like the evidence for the two-square hypothesis and the four-square hypothesis, the Eulers totient hypothesis has genuine applications over the globe. The Eulers totient hypothesis and Fermats little hypothesis are ordinarily utilized in unscrambling and encryption of information, particularly in the RSA encryption frameworks, which assurance settle around enormous prime numbers (Wardlaw 97). End In outline, this hypothesis may not be Eulers most very much structured bit of arithmetic; my preferred hypothesis is the two-square hypothesis by vast plunge. In spite of this, the hypothesis is by all accounts an essential and significant bit of work, particularly for that time. The number hypothesis is still viewed as the most valuable hypothesis in science these days. Through this verification, I have had the chance to interface a portion of the work I have prior done in discrete arithmetic just as sets connection and gathering alternatives. In fact, these two choices appear to be among the most perfect segments of arithmetic that I have ever concentrated in science. In any case, this investigation has empowered me to investigate the connection between Eulers totient hypothesis and Fermats little hypothesis. I have additionally applied information from one control to the next which has widened my perspective on arithmetic. Works Cited Giblin, P J. Primes, and Programming: An Introduction to Number Theory with Computing. Cambridge UP, 1993. Print. Griffiths, H B, and Peter J. Hilton. A Comprehensive Textbook of Classical Mathematics: A Contemporary Interpretation. London: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co, 1970. Print. KrãÅ"Ã¥'iãÅ"⠁zãÅ"Ã¥'ek, M., et al. 17 Lectures on Fermat Numbers: From Number Theory to Geometry. Springer, 2001. Print. Liskov, Moses. Fermats Little Theorem. Reference book of Crypto

How to Pay For Essay Writing?

How to Pay For Essay Writing?The idea of how to pay for essay writing isn't as hard as you might think. There are a few easy ways to supplement your income and hopefully provide the support you need when it comes to getting through college. It is definitely a good idea to apply for grants, scholarships, and work-study programs when you are working on essay writing projects, but those aren't the only ways to get help.In fact, many businesses will pay you for your time. If you are a writer, those are the perfect times to find work, as more employers are willing to spend the money to hire you. Check with your local Chamber of Commerce or the Chamber of Commerce in your area to see if there are any work-at-home opportunities out there.If you are not currently working but have a lot of writing experience, check with your schools to see if they have an internship program. Sometimes these opportunities require you to work full-time while you also attend school. They can pay you good money, and they can help you get your foot in the door when you decide to go back to school.Essay writing jobs are also a great way to supplement your income, if you have experience doing this type of writing. You could also consider joining an online writing site, where you get paid for writing articles that your clients choose to post. There are even freelance writing sites where you can get paid to write for magazines and web sites.You can also take on unpaid tasks around the house as a way to fund your essay writing needs. For example, you can take out the garbage for a friend, fix up their yard, mow their lawn, or anything else you feel like doing. That will be your first step to finding a way to put food on the table, and some extra cash in your pocket.Another option is to set up your own online business. It can be a great way to put food on the table and to earn some extra money. There are many writers that run their own blogs, writing about subjects like health, dieting, or cooking . They are the best people to turn to when you need a little guidance and advice when it comes to starting an online business.Another simple way to get some money for essay writing is to consider joining some writing forums. Usually, the owners of the forums will offer their members a small payment for their time, which is worth a lot more than you would spend on an essay writing job. It is also a great way to meet other writers and learn about new writing techniques.The truth is, there is no one 'quick fix' to getting paid for essay writing, but you can certainly apply some good old fashioned luck to your situation. After all, you didn't have a college degree to get you a job like most people do, so you had to do it on your own. Good luck!

Project Ideas on How to Use Rain Water For Harvesting Rain Water

Project Ideas on How to Use Rain Water For Harvesting Rain WaterIf you have a hobby of writing political cartoons or essays, then writing an essay on how to use rain water for harvesting rain water is the perfect project. Although it is generally considered that the collection of rain water would be the best source for drinking water, if you don't have enough resources in your house, it would be better to get the rain water from other sources. These days, you can buy a guttering system to collect rain water as well.There are plenty of article examples on harvesting rainwater on the Internet that would help you in doing the project. The first is that you should keep a point in mind that the main objective of using the rain water is not only for drinking purposes. You also have to consider that you may use the collected water for washing your clothes and even for showering in case you are not having showers or baths at home. With the right planning, it would be possible for you to use the collected water for this purpose.Another thing you have to keep in mind is that watering stations usually collect a lot of rain water so that they can make use of it to produce power. As well, these stations are very common in the society. Moreover, people usually take care of their health because these stations are located next to their homes. Therefore, using the rain water for harvesting rain water would be a good idea for most people.Apart from that, you have to keep in mind that a project like this would require a lot of time and you have to pay attention to the budget that you have. This is why you have to find an online research about the project. There are several articles that you can read for a better idea about the project. Some of them are 'How to Get Started'Understanding the Basics'. Other than that, you can also check out the Internet about 'Rain Water Harvesting'The Process of HarvestingRain Water'.Furthermore, you also have to remember that the materials from th ese articles are available online so you do not have to bother about the costs of purchasing the material from books. In order to save time, you can even save money by visiting websites and downloading material from free websites.In order to ensure that you will get the best results from the project, you should conduct research about the topic about which you want to write an essay on the topic of how to use rain water for harvesting rain water. The best materials are those that are free. Besides, you need to ensure that the project is interesting so that you will be motivated to finish the project.Finally, just remember that the main objectives of the project are only to benefit you but the main purpose of doing the project is to make you happy. If you can enjoy yourself while writing your project, then you can still benefit from the project by making the finished product good and useful.

What Is Compounding in the English Language

In English grammar, compounding is the process of combining two words (free morphemes) to create a new word (commonly a noun, verb, or adjective). Also called composition, it is from the Latin for  put together. Compounds are written sometimes as one word (sunglasses), sometimes as two hyphenated words (life-threatening), and sometimes as two separate words (football stadium). Compounding is the most common type of word-formation in English. Types of Compounds Compounding exists in several different forms and parts of speech, including the following: Compound AdjectiveCompound AdverbCompound NounCompound TenseCompound VerbExocentric CompoundRhyming CompoundRoot Compound and Synthetic CompoundSuspended Compound Examples and Observations Compounds are not limited to two words, as shown by examples such as bathroom towel-rack and community center finance committee. Indeed, the process of compounding seems unlimited in English: starting with a word like sailboat, we can easily construct the compound sailboat rigging, from which we can, in turn, create sailboat rigging design, sailboat rigging design training, sailboat rigging design training institute, and so on.(Adrian Akmajian et al., Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication. MIT Press, 2001)Trammell was, Hollenbeck said, just  a loud-mouthed  backslapping small-town handshaker whos got a job much too big for him.†(Loren Ghiglione,  CBSs Don Hollenbeck. Columbia University Press, 2008)Buffy: No actual witches in your witch group?Willow: No. Bunch of wannablessedbes. You know, nowadays every girl with a henna tattoo and a spice rack thinks shes a sister to the dark ones.(Sarah Michelle Gellar and Alyson Hannigan in Hush. Buffy the Vampire Slayer, 1999) Stress Test Typically a compound begins as a kind of clichà ©, two words that are frequently found together, as are air cargo or light colored. If the association persists, the two words often turn into a compound, sometimes with a meaning that is simply the sum of the parts (light switch), sometimes with some sort of figurative new sense (moonshine). The semantic relationships of the parts can be of all kinds: a window cleaner cleans windows, but a vacuum cleaner does not clean vacuums. We can be sure we have a compound when the primary stress moves forward; normally a modifier will be less heavily stressed than the word it modifies, but in compounds, the first element is always more heavily stressed. (Kenneth G. Wilson, The Columbia Guide to Standard American English. Columbia University Press, 1993) Distinguishing Features of Compounds [In most compounds] the rightmost morpheme determines the category of the entire word. Thus, greenhouse is a noun because its rightmost component is a noun, spoonfeed is a verb because feed also belongs to this category, and nationwide is an adjective just as wide is... English orthography is not consistent in representing compounds, which are sometimes written as single words, sometimes with an intervening hyphen, and sometimes as separate words. In terms of pronunciation, however, there is an important generalization to be made. In particular, adjective-noun compounds are characterized by a more prominent stress on their first component... A second distinguishing feature of compounds in English is that tense and plural markers cannot typically be attached to the first element, although they can be added to the compound as a whole. (There are some exceptions, however, such as passers-by and parks supervisor.) (William OGrady, J. Archibald, M. Aronoff, and J. Rees-Miller, Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction. Bedford/St. Martins, 2001) Plurals of Compounds Compounds generally follow the regular rule by adding the regular -s inflection to their last element. . . . The following two compounds are exceptional in taking the inflection on the first element: passer-by/passers-bylistener-in/listeners-in A few compounds ending in -ful usually take the plural inflection on the last element, but have a less common plural with the inflection on the first element: mouthful/mouthfuls or mouthsfulspoonful/spoonfuls or spoonsful Compounds ending in -in-law allow the plural either on the first element or (informally) on the last element: sister-in-law/sisters-in-law or sister-in-laws (Sidney Greenbaum, Oxford English Grammar. Oxford University Press, 1996) Compounds in the Dictionary Evidently, the definition of what counts as a single dictionary entry is fluid and allows for very wide margins; any attempt at further precision is impossible because of the unlimited potential for compounding and derivation. The OED [Oxford English Dictionary] policy on compounds and derivatives is indicative of how blurred the line between a headword and a compound or a derivative can be: Compounds are frequently collected together in a section or group of sections at or near the end of an entry. They are followed by a quotation paragraph in which examples of each compound are presented in alphabetical order of the compound. Some major compounds are entered as headwords in their own right. . . . Clearly, the size of the dictionary records exceeds by far the vocabulary of an individual speaker. (Donka Minkova and Robert Stockwell, English Words. The Handbook of English Linguistics, ed. by Bas Aarts and April McMahon. Blackwell, 2006) Compounding in Shakespeares King Lear Shakespeare seized upon the inherent creative energies of English compounding and transformed them into art. Examples abound throughout his oeuvre, but  King Lear  shines an especially bright spotlight on his combinatorial craft. . . . First, we behold Lear’s compounding rage. He agonizes over one daughter’s sharp-toothed unkindness  and wills the fen-sucked fogs  to foul her. After another daughter also repudiates him, Lear offers his submission to hot-blooded France  and invokes the Thunder-bearer, high-judging Jove. . . . Next, we learn of nature’s compounding wildness. A gentleman reports that a raving Lear is out roving a desolate, storm-struck heath, where he strives in his little world of man to out-scorn/The to-and-fro-conflicting wind and rain  from which even the cub-drawn bear and belly-pinched wolf  seek shelter. Lear is only accompanied by his loyal fool, who labors to out-jest/ His heart-struck injuries. . . . Amid the forceful modifiers of oak-cleaving and all-shaking are the thought-executing vaunt-couriers: lightning bolts. (John Kelly, Forget His Coinages, Shakespeare’s Real Genius Lies in His Noggin-Busting Compounds. Slate, May 16, 2016) The Lighter Side of Compounding My dad didnt read things like Playboy or National Enquirer. He was a science nerd with a crew cut, plastic pocket protectors, and a bow tie, and the only magazines at our house were Scientific American and National Geographic.  I felt more connected to Karens loud, messy, National Enquirer-reading, Twinkie-eating, Coca-Cola-drinking, station wagon-driving, bust-enhancing household than to my polite, organized, National Geographic–reading, bean sprout, and tofu-serving, mind-improving, VW bus-driving household. (Wendy Merrill,  Falling Into Manholes: The Memoir of a Bad/Good Girl. Penguin, 2008)Hey! If any of you are looking for any last-minute gift ideas for me, I have one. Id like Frank Shirley, my boss, right here tonight. I want him brought from his happy holiday slumber over there on Melody Lane with all the other rich people, and I want him brought right here, with a big ribbon on his head, and I want to look him straight in the eye, and I want to tell him what a chea p, lying, no-good, rotten, four-flushing, low-life, snake-licking, dirt-eating, inbred, overstuffed, ignorant, blood-sucking, dog-kissing, brainless, . . . hopeless, heartless, fat-ass, bug-eyed, stiff-legged, spotty-lipped, worm-headed sack of monkey...he is! Hallelujah!... Wheres the Tylenol? (Chevy Chase as Clark Griswold in  National Lampoons Christmas Vacation, 1989)

Should Marijuana Be Legal - 754 Words

I also found the video to be very informational and it gave me a great understanding of how one becomes a marijuana addict. Just as many of the interviewees said, I agree with you that I myself did not have a lot of prior information about marijuana addiction and how the people who do have it are suffering severely. This videos raised my awareness of this problem within our society. I believe having this awareness is important because we all make our own misconceptions and have preconceived notions of certain people and ideas. As you mentioned, I have known people as well who have stated, that they needed to smoke in order to â€Å"function†. I myself did not really believe that was possible from what I learned from health courses in high school and in college. I did not fully understand the dependency and how it affects one’s life until now. Again, as you mentioned, marijuana is widely known as a non-addictive substance, people do not usually take any talks of addictio n seriously. In the documentary David mentioned, how it was difficult for him because he felt like he constantly had to defend the fact that he was addicted, whereas if he would have been addicted to meth or heroin, no one would question him about it (Goldenkranz, 2011). In addition, as I mentioned in my initial post, the text mentioned that marijuana is the most widely used illegal drug (Fisher Harrison, 2013). With this being said it is very foolish to think that people could not have an addiction orShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legal?1060 Words   |  5 PagesMedical Marijuana Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug in the United Sstates (Wagner).. Marijuana is commonly used becauseThis it is because marijuana is easy to get and doesn’t have the visibly dangerous effects that other drugs like cocaine and heroine have. However,But does that mean marijuana is harmless to the human body? There are some people and studies that believe it is harmlessso. Sanjay Gupta, MD, Chief Medical Correspondent for CNN, wrote the following: â€Å"Frequent marijuana useRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legal?1609 Words   |  7 PagesMs. Fingarson English 11 March 9th, 2017 Junior Research Paper: Marijuana Should Be Legal. According to world recognized American Scientist Carl Sagan â€Å"the illegality of cannabis is outrageous, an impediment to full utilization of a drug which helps produce the serenity and insights , sensitivity and fellowship so desperately needed in this increasingly mad and dangerous world†. These are just some of the benefits of Marijuana along with many others. All you have been taught about cannabis inRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legal?986 Words   |  4 Pages smoking pot in California, is legal. On Tuesday, November 8, 2016, California became the fifth state to legalize the recreational use of pot. By a margin of about 56% to 44%, voters passed Proposition 64. 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As a result, there is immense legal considerationsRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legal?1610 Words   |  7 PagesSince the very first day marijuana began dominating our country over 30 years ago, federal control of the drug has been the topic of an continuing arguments. Marijuana is a crushed up blend of dried out herbs, seeds and stems of the plant cannabis. Most people inhale it in the shape of cigarettes for pleasure and relief. Should marijuana be made legal? Advocates of the drug argue that there are multiple medical advantages and that tobacco and alcohol are far more harmful for us than the drug itselfRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legal? Essay1261 Words   |  6 PagesMarijuana is safer than tobacco and alcohol, more beneficial and healthier too. Marijuana, unlike tobacco and alcohol, never causes serious illnesses like cancers of the lungs, throat, and mouth, cirrhos is, dementia, or anything else. In actuality, medical marijuana is used to treat cancer cells. â€Å"The earliest use of cannabis as a medicine is attributed to the legendary Chinese Emperor Shen Nung, who is thought to have lived around 2700 BC.. Cannabis sativa is thought to have been grown for at leastRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legal? Essay965 Words   |  4 PagesShould Marijuana Be Legal? In order to start a discussion about whether marijuana should be legal, we must first begin with the history of marijuana. How long has marijuana been around? The earliest recorded use of marijuana is from the island of Taiwan off the coast of mainland china over 10,000 years ago in the Stone Age (Marijuana, 2014). They wove their clothes and made their shoes from hemp. The first paper was made from a combination of crushed hemp fibers and mulberry tree bark. This

No Further Stay Visa-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Read the case Ramos v Minister for Immigration [2017] FCCA 2412 (3 October 2017) which is attached to this assignment. A client approaches you and requests an explanation in the form of a letter of advice (in plain English) as to the reasons of Driver J for his decision and the implications of this case in relation to valid visa applications especially pertaining to an 8503 waiver. The client has a similar factual situation. Answer: To Mr. X Melbourne Australia Sub: condition and exception of no further stay visa Respected Sir/ Madam, In Australia, there are many provisions included under the application for granting visa and certain terms and conditions are applicable on the same with a purpose to make all the related provisions and entry clear and reasonable[1]. Under the Australian Migration Act, there is a provision on the No Further Stay application that restricts an applicant to file another substantive visa application in Australia[2]. The visa conditions include visitor visa, training and research visa and any other visa. However, there is a waiver to this provision has been mentioned under the condition of 8503 that the delegates has the power to waive the visa terms if any of the following grounds have been attracted: If any compelling and compassionate situation has been cropped up; The person should have no control over the situation; The situation can bring huge change in the life of the applicant and th nature of the change should be permanent; The Ministry of Delegate should be satisfied that the newly developed situation is different and can bring permanent change in the applicants life; and The request of waiver should be made in the written form[3]. All the necessary provisions have been discussed in the case of Ramos v Minister for Immigration [2017] FCCA 2412, where the Federal Circuit Court of Australia has correctly interpreted the grounds of 8503 condition and an outline of the request application under this visa condition has been set out by this case. It has been observed in this case that the applicant Ms Ramos has made a request to the delegate to waive her 8503 condition and her request has been cancelled. This case is quite appropriate to understand the terms mentioned in other provisions of the Migration Act that are co-related to the current provision. The prescribed conditions that are useful under this condition are prescribed in the regulation of 2.05(4) and the delegates are empowered to reject any application if those conditions have not been attracted[4]. A close interpretation of the term compelling has also been discussed in this case. It has been observed by the court in this case is that if the visa-holder has been faced any situation that has been cropped up after the visa has been allocated to him and the applicant has no control over the situation, only then the applicant can secure his position for the waiver ground. However, it has been observed that in case of any personal cause, the option for compelling cir cumstances could not be taken into account. In the Ramos case, all the compelling grounds that are shown and mentioned by the applicant are connected to her personal matter. It has been stated by her that she had a relation before and her partner was violent in nature. If her visa will be cancelled and she had to return to Philippines, where from she is actually belongs to, will change her life. There is a provision mentioned in this case that if the applicant can successfully shows the fact that she is unit for the travel or any of his close relative is in critical condition and permanent damage could be caused in his absence, the condition of no further stay can be waived. In her application, Ms Ramos has further been contended that her new partner is ill and she is afraid that in her absence, her partner can face severe attack. However, she has failed to show whether her absence may harm her partner on permanent basis. Therefore, the delegate has rejected the application on the s aid ground. A person under the condition of 8503 can take the plea that he needs a protection visa and he needs to show the grounds based on what he is apprehending that any misfortune can be happened to him[5]. However, the grounds should be reasonable enough to pass an order for the grant of these waive[6]. In this case, Ms Ramos has confessed that her previous partner was sadistic in nature and acted with her violently. She has been contended that he will attack her again if she goes back to Philippines. According to the delegates, these explanations made by Ms Ramos are not reasonable enough and she had failed to meet the criteria mentioned to this effect respectively. Further, these stated grounds could no attract the intervention power of the Ministry of Delegates that has been mentioned under section 351 of Migration Act[7]. Further, according to regulation of 2.05(4), the compelling grounds that have been raised must be cropped up after the visitors visa has been granted. Therefore, it has been suggested in the case that if the applicant has shown any personal ground or if the grounds mentioned by the applicant failed to meet the requirements mentioned in the regulation, waiver could not be granted in that case. It has also been mentioned in the case that the applicant should have no control over the adverse situation that could be cropped up if waiver not granted to him. In this case, Ms Ramos has been stated that her ex-partner is aggressive. However, from this case it could not be stated that she does not have any control on it. She can take effective steps regarding the same. Therefore, this provision has also not been attracted in this case. Therefore, it is advised to you that you should keep in mind that all your grounds are attracted the provisions of the same regulation and you have to rightly interpret the provisions accordingly. Regard References: Australia, Multicultural. "Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs." (2016). Beine, Michel, et al. "Comparing immigration policies: An overview from the IMPALA database."International Migration Review50.4 (2016): 827-863. Clibborn, Stephen. "Why undocumented immigrant workers should have workplace rights."The Economic and Labour Relations Review26.3 (2015): 465-473. Crock, Mary.Immigration and refugee law in Australia. Federation Press, 2018. Dauvergne, Catherine.Making people illegal: What globalization means for migration and law. Cambridge University Press, 2017. Missbach, Antje. "Making a" career" in people-smuggling in Indonesia: protracted transit, restricted mobility and the lack of legal work rights."Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia30.2 (2015): 423-454. Richards, Kelly, and Samantha Lyneham. "Help-seeking strategies of victim/survivors of human trafficking involving partner migration."Trends and issues in Crime and Criminal Justice468 (2014): 1-10. Clibborn, Stephen. "Why undocumented immigrant workers should have workplace rights."The Economic and Labour Relations Review26.3 (2015): 465-473. Crock, Mary.Immigration and refugee law in Australia. Federation Press, 2018. Australia, Multicultural. "Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs." (2016). Dauvergne, Catherine.Making people illegal: What globalization means for migration and law. Cambridge University Press, 2017. Richards, Kelly, and Samantha Lyneham. "Help-seeking strategies of victim/survivors of human trafficking involving partner migration."Trends and issues in Crime and Criminal Justice468 (2014): 1-10. Beine, Michel, et al. "Comparing immigration policies: An overview from the IMPALA database."International Migration Review50.4 (2016): 827-863. Dauvergne, Catherine.Making people illegal: What globalization means for migration and law. Cambridge University Press, 2017.

Various internal and external stakeholders and the duty of loyalty to them. On the example of the hospital.

Different categories of stakeholders can be identified in the case study. Ideally, organizations must have both internal and external stakeholders (Coombs Holladay, 2012). The five thousand employees in the hospital are the first important internal stakeholders. The president of the hospital must recognize their importance.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Various internal and external stakeholders and the duty of loyalty to them. On the example of the hospital. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Basically, the management must adequately consider their welfare. As indicated, the hospital also has two thousand admitted patients. All the patients admitted within the medical facility are external stakeholders. This is because they form part of the community of the facility. They depend on the services of the facility. Apart from this, they also reside within the facility. The various unit managers within the faci lity also form part of the internal stakeholders. Notably, the doctors and nurses are also internal stakeholders of the medical facility. The board of trustees has an important role in guiding the internal affairs of the facility. Therefore, they are internal stakeholders. There are other notable external stakeholder groups. These include the Regional Director, Compliance Manager and Executive Committee. These groups act as external oversight on the operations of the medical facility. Other important external stakeholders include the community organizations and corporations. As the president of the facility, the doctor has important obligations to all the stakeholders. This is regardless of whether they are external or internal. The president has to ensure that all the employee welfare issues are effectively met. He also has the obligation to provide a secure and hospitable working environment for these employees. The president must ensure all systems operate to guard the health and wellbeing of the patients. As external stakeholders, the patients and all customers have the right to access quality care. The president must endeavor to ensure effective treatment procedures are adhered to. The patients and customers are important stakeholders because they are the source of revenue for the facility. Therefore, they are legally entitled to quality service (Halbert Ingulli, 2011). This is the role of the president. The president has the responsibility to present progress reports and attend to the demands of the board of trustees. As internal stakeholders, the board must be informed on the general welfare of the facility. It is important to present compliance reports and evaluation results to the regional compliance committee. This is another obligation that must be undertaken by Dr. DoRight. Lastly, the doctor has a crucial responsibility to be answerable to the community organizations and corporations.Advertising Looking for case study on business corporate law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These external stakeholders are also important and must be attended to. As indicated, they also have reasons to indulge in business with the hospital. Generally, all stakeholders have significant roles to any organization. It is important for the management to sufficiently address the needs of all these stakeholders. This ensures an effective flow of operations and business processes (Halbert Ingulli, 2011). Leaders have basic duties that must be undertaken to ensure the satisfaction of all the stakeholders. The Potential Conflicts in the Duties of Loyalty Owed To Internal Stakeholder Vs. An external Stakeholder Adequate stakeholder satisfaction is important. This is regardless of the kind of stakeholder. Most organizations presently face challenges in balancing their stakeholder satisfaction. Indeed, trouble must ensue when there is lack of proper stakeholder management strategies. The importa nce of balancing the interests of all stakeholders is eminent. This is because diverse stakeholder groups possess varied priorities (Halbert Ingulli, 2011). There are a number of external and internal stakeholders identified from the case study. Patients and customers may demand improved quality health care services. On the other hand, the employees may have interests in pushing the management to increase their remuneration rates. From this scenario, it can be noticed that different stakeholder interests might lead to a standoff in work processes. Several times, there have been cases of employee strike and rebellion due to internal factors. These might include poor remuneration and working environment. Several employees have complained about poor quality work life within organizations. The different interests emanating from the stakeholders might cause uncertainties for the management. The intrusion of external bodies such as regulatory institutions into an organization’s op erations might be destructive. There are instances where these external stakeholders might intervene to champion for the welfare of the internal stakeholders (Jennings, 2012). For instance, the labor unions normally lobby for adequate employee welfare within organizations. In the case study, the regional compliance organization might also intervene. The basic aim might be to ensure improvement of quality care. This initiative might be beneficial to external stakeholders such as patients and other customers. Due to their demand, the management might decide to increase the employees’ salaries. Consequently, this is bound to have negative financial implications on other external stakeholders. As indicated in the case study, the patients and other customers might be financially affected. There are instances where the demands of a given stakeholder override the demands of others. These are important considerations to be given priority by the management. In order to obtain high div idends, some external stakeholders might expect the organization to gains huge revenues.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Various internal and external stakeholders and the duty of loyalty to them. On the example of the hospital. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, there are stakeholders that may insist on quality of service. As internal stakeholders, workers may demand appropriate working environment and pay. This is in order to deliver high quality services. Other external stakeholders such as community organizations and corporations might also present unique demands. For instance, they might require knowing how the organization responds to emergent issues. These might include environmental issues and matters concerning compliance to various standards of operations (Jennings, 2012). Indeed, there might be conflict of interest emanating from the management’s obligations to different s takeholder groups. Comments on the Doctor’s Fulfillment of Ethical Duty All employees are ethically bound to fulfill the basic duties delegated upon them (Kanniyakonil, 2007). Overseeing the basic operations within diverse departments within the hospital include some of the doctor’s duties. In the case study, this is inclusive of legal and patient advocacy issues. Patients as external stakeholders deserve the right to enjoy quality treatment and care. The basic duty of the doctor was to guard the interests of the patients. Therefore, in reporting the issue of illegal procedure, the doctor adequately fulfilled his ethical duty. It is critical to note that failure to report this incidence could amount to negligence. This is because patient advocacy and legal concerns include some of the roles outlined in the doctor’s responsibility schedule. The patients and other external customers have the right to access quality care. This is because they pay for these services . Therefore, an employees’ negligence that may cause loss of life remains culpable. Consequently, the management must also fulfill their important responsibilities. Monitoring and reporting progress to relevant committees must be executed adequately. Clearly, it is observable that Dr. DoRight acted within his ethical duties by forwarding the report. Robust measures must be adopted to minimize patient harm. Additionally, the sustainability of these measures should also be ensured. This helps to enhance patient safety and quality care even in the future. Strengthening the role of the middle level and departmental supervisors is important. These middle level managers must be encouraged to upscale their monitoring systems for patient safety (Kanniyakonil, 2007). All staff must undergo capacity building on patient quality care and teamwork.Advertising Looking for case study on business corporate law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The hospital’s managment must also draft a safety procedure and standard policy document. This must be communicated to all staff engaged in patient quality care. Inclusion of all stakeholders in decision making processes is critical. This provides vital resources including monetary or alternative policy options. It is crucial to conduct an opinion survey amongst the medical staff. This is to enable the managment to identify the basic reasons for the ineffective procedures. Generally, it will be necessary for the facility to adopt strategic management processes. Particularly, quality management is important. This is because it provides the relevant monitoring and quality assurance tools required for effective processes. Other management processes such as culture transformation and performance contracting remain applicable (Coombs Holladay, 2012). These processes are crucial. This is because they will enhance the level of responsibility and accountability amongst staff deliver ing quality medical care. Engagement of quality control measures is critical in preventing illegal procedures within the hospital. Other practices including medical injection safety and patient satisfaction surveys are critical. Lastly, there must be adequate systems, facilities and infrastructure necessary for high quality medical service provision. The Deontology Principle and the Ethical Dilemma Faced by Dr. DoRight The deontological principles stress on an individual’s fidelity to basic duties. All individuals charged with specific responsibilities must learn to understand these obligations (Kanniyakonil, 2007). The practice of personal duties must be done to the latter. This is irrespective of a person’s cadre or ole within an organization. The comprehension of all the basic regulations surrounding a person’s obligations is important. Individuals should also recognize that there is moral achievement in complying with the basic duty requirements. Immorality is eminent within individuals who fail to comply with the principles and procedures of their duties. Therefore, it is important for all persons to be aware of their duty requirements. The linkage of the principle of deontology with God is eminent. Basically, there is a perception that God describes individual obligations for all persons. This illustrates the core of this principle. Consequently, those who follow their duties and obligations to the latter are obedient to God. According to this principle, this is the essence of morality (Coombs Holladay, 2012). The case study can be analyzed through deontological principles. Notably, Dr. DoRight performs in regard to the respect of his outlined duties. Therefore, he is morally right. His act of reporting the illegal procedures also indicates that he is obedient to God. The doctor obeys the moral principles as dictated by the requirements of his duty. Although he fails to receive the report, his initial intervention into the crisis is vital. The basic reason for his action is to fulfill the moral obligations attached to his duty. The deontological moral approach emphasize on the need to understand the reason behind certain actions. Principally, appropriate motivations must accompany moral actions within all human environments (Kanniyakonil, 2007). The principles of deontology do not provide room for subjective feelings within individuals. The determination of roles in an objective and subjective manner is critical. Therefore, application of these principles in the case study is appropriate. The doctor loses the aspect of objectivity when he fails to insist on the reception of reports. The utilitarianism principle and the Ethical Dilemma Faced by Dr. DoRight Utilitarianism principle assumes a normative approach to ethics. In this principle, the consequences of an individual’s actions are vital (Sheng, 2004). The principle may be applicable to policies within organizations. The consequences of any decision are deemed to have greater implications to external parties. In this consideration, the impacts of actions on individuals are less regarded. The interests of the larger population must be considered before any action. The principle was developed by two economists, John Stuart and Jeremy Bentham (Sheng, 2004). Generally, the principle underscores the fact that individuals mostly prefer actions that favor their happiness and well being. It may also relate to groups. Individuals tend to initiate actions or make decisions that satisfy many people. As indicated in the case study, Dr. DoRight is reluctant to push for the report from the compliance managers. This is because the number of employees surpasses that of the suffering patients. Notably, his complacent attitude creates an appropriate platform for the benefit of employees. They continue with their illegal procedures that increase the susceptibility of the patients. This is a pure illustration of the utilitarian principle. Referenc es Coombs, W. T., Holladay, S. J. (2012). Managing corporate social responsibility: A communication approach. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. Halbert, T., Ingulli, E. (2011). Law and ethics in the business environment. Mason OH: South Western Educational Publ. Jennings, M. (2012). Business: Its legal, ethical, and global environment. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Kanniyakonil, S. (2007). The fundamentals of bioethics: Legal perspectives and ethical approaches. Kottayam: Oriental Institute of Religious Studies, India, Dept. of Publications. Sheng, Q. (2004). A defense of utilitarianism. Lanham, MD: University Press of America. This case study on Various internal and external stakeholders and the duty of loyalty to them. On the example of the hospital. was written and submitted by user Christina Wagner to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Words Derived from Pend

Words Derived from Pend Words Derived from Pend Words Derived from Pend By Mark Nichol Pend, stemming from the Latin verb pendere, meaning â€Å"hang,† is used exclusively in legal terminology, as a verb meaning â€Å"be awaiting,† but it appears as the root of many other words referring to hanging or weight, which are listed and defined in this post. Something that is pending is waiting to be resolved. A pendant is a fixture or ornament that hangs; the word can also refer to a certain type of rope used in sailing, is a British English variant of pennant (a small, tapering flag), and may also refer to something complementary or supplementary, such as a companion volume to a book. A compendium (â€Å"weigh together†), meanwhile, is a collection; it is frequently used in a literary sense. To append (â€Å"weigh out†) is to attach something, and something attached to something else, such as a limb, is often referred to as an appendage. Supplemental content attached to the end of a book is called an appendix, and a vestigial organ of the body is so named because it hangs from the large intestine. (Its full name is vermiform appendix; the first word means â€Å"wormlike†). To depend (â€Å"hang from†) on someone or something is to rely on him, her, or it; the adjectival form is dependable, dependent is both an adjective and a noun, and dependence is the noun form. (Antonyms referring to freedom from reliance are independent and independence, while codependent, codependence, and codependency refer to control or manipulation of one person by another.) To prepend (â€Å"weigh before†) is to consider. To expend (â€Å"weigh out†) is to pay; the adjectival form is expendable (though it can also be used as noun). Something impending (â€Å"hanging over†) is about to occur; the basic verb form is rare. A stipend (â€Å"weigh payment†) is money given as pay for short-term work, generally a modest amount not equivalent to a salary. To suspend (â€Å"hang up†) is to hang something or cause someone to wait for something; the feeling that results is suspense, and the act is called suspension. A pendulum is a weight that swings to and fro to regulate movement; it may also refer figuratively to movement from one position to its opposite. Something that swings heavily can be described as pendulous. Perpendicular (â€Å"hanging thoroughly†) means â€Å"projecting at right angles†); it is sometimes employed as a synonym for precipitous and may refers to individuals of distinctive types. (Perpendiculum is the Latin term for a plumb line, a weighted cord that in conjunction with gravity is used to ensure that an upright structural element is straight.) Pendentive is an architectural term for a structural element that helps support a dome. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Use â€Å"That,† â€Å"Which,† and â€Å"Who†45 Synonyms for â€Å"Old† and â€Å"Old-Fashioned†Neither... or?

Case study and history of hypertension

Case study and history of hypertension History of Present Illness: Mr. AS is an 85 year old Caucasian male with a past history of hypertension and chest pain who currently presents to us with dementia and complaints of not knowing how he got here. Our patient was diagnosed with hypertension at the age of 40 and developed chest pain at the age of 45 when he was told he needed a pace maker. The pace maker was placed and he has had no heart complications since then. At the age of 55 our patient was diagnosed with dementia which he lived with independently at home until two years ago when he had a stroke. He was admitted to ALF on April 28, 2009 where he was told that he had a stroke and could not walk. Mr. AS has been staying at the facility since admission. Our patient currently denies any chest pain, headaches or vision changes. Mr. AS does complain of a cough that becomes productive at times with clear sputum. He stopped smoking 20 years ago and has a 160 pack year history. He also states that he thinks he hears himself wheezing at times. Mr. AS states that his legs don’t allow him to walk anymore and that the exercises that are done with the walker hurt his arms. He states that he has feeling in his legs but that movement is the problem. Mr. AS stated during the interview that he has accepted the fact that he will not be able to walk again and that he is content with his life as long as he can breathe and talk. Our patient also stated that he has problems remembering recent events and is better at remembering events that occurred during his childhood. Past Medical History: Hypertension at the age of 40 which is controlled with medication. Chest pain at the age of 45 which was fixed with the placement of a pacemaker. Dementia was diagnosed at the age of 55 Stroke at the age of 83 Appendectomy at the age of 10 due to an appendicitis Inguinal hernia repair at the age of 10 Current Medications Mirtazapine 15mg PO QD for depression Namenda 10mg PO Bid for treatment of alzheimer ’s symptoms Allopurinol 300mg PO QD for hyperuricemia Aspirin 81mg PO QD for general health and relief of minor pain Certavite antioxidant 18mg PO QD to prevent vitamin deficiency and undernutrion Loratadine 10mg PO QD for allergies Nifedipine 90mg PO QD for treatment of hypertension and angina Metoprolol tartrate 25mg PO QD for treatment of hypertension and angina Nasal decongestant 0.05% SP 2 sprays for each nostril Bid for allergies Omeprazole 20mg PO Bid for gastroesophageal reflux Aricept 10mg PO QD for dementia associated with alzheimer’s Tamsulosin HCl 0.4mg PO QD for benign prostatic hyperplasia Zolpidem Tartrate 5mg PO QD for help sleeping Acetaminopen 500mg PO every 6 hours for high temperature Allergies No known allergies Family History: Grandma had TB, patient could not remember cause or time of death and chart did not contain any information. Information about the mother and father could not be obtained by the patient or the c hart. Information about siblings could not be obtained by the patient or the chart. Patient states that he has one son who has back pain and is overweight. No other information could be provided by the patient or the chart. Patient states that he has no grandchildren Married twice and both deceased, cause unknown by patient and not stated in chart. Family members will need to be contacted to obtain more information on history of cancer, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, or psychological illnesses. Social:

Measuring Cancer Cost Behaviour under Prospective Payment System in Essay

Measuring Cancer Cost Behaviour under Prospective Payment System in Clinical Coding - Essay Example Either way, the increased economic disparities and healthcare challenges have necessitated a rational management of financial resources allocated for healthcare service provision. This paper looks at the role of managers in healthcare financing with respect to the functions of the National Healthcare Service. Besides, the paper provides a succinct discussion on the importance of clinical coding in promoting proper channelling of finances for purchasing healthcare services. In particular, this paper examines the role of clinical coding in measuring the cost of cancer care and how such data promotes evidence based decision making for equitable allocation of healthcare resources. According to Berger (2008), healthcare systems are organized in a manned that allows strategic achievement of three specific objectives. The first objective relates to collection of revenue from various sources including government, donors and individuals. The second objective of healthcare system is to enhance pooling of resources from all stakeholders such that the risk of ill health is shared among every member of the pool. Lastly, every healthcare system aims to provide an affordable and accessible platform of purchasing healthcare services that suits the best expectations of individual members of the society. With these objectives in mind, financial management of healthcare resources becomes a central focus at every stage in order to strike a balance between quality services and scarcity of resources as argued by Bodenheimer and Fernandez (2005, p.27). In the hierarchy of the National Healthcare Service, there are several healthcare trusts and public hospitals that work together to deliver health services to clients. Through the NHS, healthcare managers and commissioners are delegated the main duty of ensuring that various service providers deliver quality healthcare within the available financial resources allocated

Business strategy-business game Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business strategy-business game - Essay Example A single strategic direction for the firm is selected which is the differentiation strategy as per the Bowman’s strategy clock. The Bowman’s strategy clock is used to identify one or multiple strategic aspects that may be taken up by a company for developing competiveness, sustainability and continued success (Chesbrough and Rosenbloom, 2002). This is because the results of the analysis and the study of the external market indicate that the adoption of a differentiation strategy can be beneficial for the company for ensuring greater levels of success and sustainability for the future years. The number of companies operating in the athletic footwear segment in which the case company belongs ranges from 4 to 10 main companies. However, for the analysis, three main competitors of APanda Shoes are considered which are Diversity Footwear, C Athlete Company and Bold Athletics Company. The company APanda Shoes operates in multiple geographical regions. The company has its manufacturing plants in North America, Asia pacific, Europe, Africa and Latin America. This makes the athletic footwear manufacturing company much vulnerable towards the political norms in the different countries of its operation. The political factors like the stability of the political environment, the formulation of government policies, taxation policies, export and import policies and duties levied on the athletic footwear products are some of the common factors that would affect the business decisions and operations of APanda Shoes. The economic factors like inflation rates, Gross Domestic Predict (GDP), economic and business cycles, disposable income level and Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) are some of the economic factors that would directly influence the profitability, sales and sustainability of the company in the four operational regions. The volatility of currency exchange systems and the fluctuations in the foreign exchange

Brazilian Sweet Fifteenth Birthday Party Essay -- Personal Narrative D

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quinceanera, which is Spanish for Sweet 15, is a very popular celebration in the Spanish community. This is a very special day to both the mother and the daughter. This day signifies the transformation from a little girl to a young lady. It is a way of introducing a new woman to society. Turning 15 is the most important birthday for Spanish communities. Quinceaneras tend to be a big and elegant celebration in which every family member and friends collaborate to give the birthday girl the best party she has ever had. To my understanding every Sweet 15 was celebrated the same in every Spanish country. But after attending my friend’s Brazilian Sweet 15 my opinion has changed for the better.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My friend Stephane Rene and I were invited to a Sweet 15 a couple weeks ago. The birthday girl was related to one of our friend, Kim. At first, I did not even think of using this event to write my paper because I thought that I knew what a Sweet 15 was all about. I was primarily going to focus on the Brazilian culture because even though my friend is Brazilian I had never had the opportunity to share an event with Brazilians being the dominant group. But soon after the ceremony got started I found myself surprised and amused of what was in front of me. First, there is ceremony before the reception which is held at a church. The family is catholic therefore the ceremony was held at the catholic church of the town. After everybody was sitting down, Jennily walked down the aisle toward the front of the church. Here, the priest was waiting to give her the appropriated blessings. She was wearing a long gorgeous pink silky dress which represented her new status as a you ng woman. Jennily was also wearing soft pink slippers which she would change later into a more elaborate one. I was familiar with the ceremony at the church before the party because it is a way of blessing her and to appreciate her day of celebration which simultaneously represents her rebirth as a woman. But I did not hesitate to ask one of the family members, what did it signify to them to be blessed by the priest the day of her birthday? To my surprise, thru their blessings they also pray for her future and her new start. Once the priest was done, her aunt and uncle stood up and recall her first fifteen years of life in a very sentimental and biographical speech. Throughout the speech they kept referr... ...ized by they own people than an outsider because it would make no difference for me to see someone of their group acting a particular way. In actuality, it would be hard for me to notice that there is something a little odd.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Regardless of the difference of culture, language and customs, I learned so much about the Brazilian culture in the United States. For example, they have huge families like Dominicans and they stay together as a community one hundred percent. In addition, I myself might incorporate some of their traditions onto mine, maybe not for myself but for my cousins and even for my future daughter. I like they way in which everything was very detailed and organized. Also, I liked how everything had a meaning and a reason for being there. This party has motivated me to go out there and explore all the different cultures that exist in the society that I live in. This event has also taught me a lesson about life, in order for us to find ourselves we need to identify with our ancestors and continue our traditions. There is nothing more pretty than being able to bring our beliefs and customs with us. This is what identifies who we are, and who are children would be.

Assess Hume’s Reasons for Rejecting Miracles

Assess Hume’s reasons for rejecting miracles Hume defined miracles as a â€Å"violation of the laws of nature† and consequently rejected their occurrence as both improbable and impractical. This view has been supported by modern scientists and philosophers such as Atkins, Dawkins and Wiles to a certain extent. However Aquinas, Tillich and Holland and Swinburne to a certain extent reject Hume’s reasons, instead arguing that miracles have a divine cause and that Hume’s arguments are weak.This essay will argue that Hume’s reasons for rejecting miracles are not valid and in doing so consider his two main arguments; lack of probability and Hume’s practical argument. Hume’s first reason for rejecting miracles was a lack of probability. He argued that evidence from people’s experience of observing the world showed the laws of nature to be fixed and unvarying. However to suggest a miracle occurred was to say that the laws of nature had been violated, hence his definition of miracles being a â€Å"violation of the laws of nature. Miracles were reported has having occurred by eyewitnesses, as is stated in the Bible in the case of Jesus raising Lazarus from the dead. However for Hume it was far more likely that the eyewitnesses were mistaken in what they witnessed, than for Jesus to have actually raised Lazarus from the dead and in doing so violated fixed laws of nature. A violation of the laws of nature was therefore an improbable occurrence. Wiles’ agrees with Hume’s point that it is more likely the eyewitness was wrong than a miracle occurred, in doing so raising the problem of evil.It was illogical to suggest God was omnipotent and good if he showed clear favouritism through creating miracles whilst at the same time many people were suffering. It would be more likely that a witness made a mistake or did not understand what they saw than an ominbenevolant and omnipotent God showed clear signs of bia s and favouritism through miracles therefore Hume’s first argument is valid. Swinburne supports Hume’s view that laws of nature are defined by the experiences of people observing the world, as he believes that people’s observations are the basis for all natural laws.Additionally Hume’s argument that miracles are improbable is supported by Dawkin’s view that it would be highly unlikely that someone could simply learn to walk again after being paralysed as a result of a miracle, as this would constitute a violation of the laws of nature. This also supports the idea that Hume’s argument is valid. However he rejects Hume’s concept of the laws of nature being fixed and unvarying, as he believed them to be â€Å"corrigible† due the possibility new discoveries and observations about the world could result in them being altered in some way.Additionally Swinburne disagrees with Hume’s idea of what an improbable event is. Whilst f or Hume this means an event which it would be foolish to suggest occurs at all, such as the sun staying the sky, Swinburne argues that miracles are more â€Å"probalistic† such as picking out a red grain of sand, highly unlikely but not totally impossible therefore the validity of Hume’s first argument can be questioned.Additionally Swinburne criticises Hume’s definition of miracles as a â€Å"violation of the laws of nature† as he believes that whilst a miracle such as that of Jesus’ resurrection clearly does not fit in with the laws of nature, on it’s own it is not enough to prove the laws of nature have been violated, a view supported by Aquinas who suggests miracles have a divine origin. The contingency argument, supported by Holland and Tillich also criticises Hume’s definition of miracles as a â€Å"violation of the laws of nature. It uses evidence from the Bible, such as Jesus feeding the five thousand, to highlight that Godâ €™s aim with miracles is not to fit in with the framework of modern concepts but to for God to reveal Himself to the people. Tillich himself argues that miracles do not have to involve the violation of nature as they can be possible events, such as a train stopping just in front of a child on a crossing, which hold religious significance for some people. Therefore a miracle does not have to be an improbable event, suggesting that Hume’s argument is not significant.Hume’s second reason for rejecting miracles is presented in his practical argument. He considered levels of education to be a significant factor as miracles were only reported to have occurred by those who were not educated enough to understand the scientific explanation of an event. The stories these people reported were usually circulated and exaggerated, altering them significantly as is the case with urban myths, such as that after Hurricane Katrina stating that law and order had broken down.Hume also considered the general level of education of the country as a whole to be important. He highlighted how the early history of countries is full of miracles and visions due to the ignorant and barbarous populations, such as the very long life of Adam. However as the country becomes more developed and the populations better educated such stories disappear. Therefore for Hume, Adam living to 930 was simply a story made up by the uneducated, as living so long would suggest the laws of nature to be false.Additionally Hume believes that miracles used by religions to prove their religion true would be cancelled out, as not every religion could be true. Dawkins presents a key strength of Hume’s second argument, by supporting his belief that miracles are only reported by the uneducated, as he believes there is a scientific explanation for the effects, such as Jeanne Fretel being cured at Lourdes.The miracles of people being cured at Lourdes, as well as those reported in the Bible simp ly show that miracles were used to cover up a lack of understanding of a way the world worked and to increase people’s faith in God, something which is no longer necessary as most people no longer rely on God for guidance therefore Hume presents a relevant argument rejecting miracles. Atkins supports Hume’s argument that the typical educated person would not be inclined to report the occurrence of a miracle as they would know better.According to Atkins it is only the publicity seeker or someone deluded or hallucinating who would claim to have witnessed such an event as they may lack the scientific level of understanding of their peers, therefore Hume’s argument is relevant. However this view has been criticised by Swinburne as it raises questions about how to define terms Hume raises. It is unclear at what stage a person becomes â€Å"educated† sufficiently to reject miracles. It is also unfair to assume that a person believes in miracles simply because t hey do not know any better, as it is possible to both have a strong belief in God and a good understanding of Science.Further to this it is unclear what constitutes being â€Å"ignorant and barbarous† as whilst earlier nations may now seem uneducated compared to modern times, the nation may have been highly educated for the time as the standards change. Therefore the relevance of Hume’s second argument can be questioned. In conclusion Hume believes that miracles are â€Å"violations of the laws of nature† which are fixed and unvarying, and that they are only experienced by uneducated people who do not understand Science.This view rejected by Aquinas, Swinburne Holland and Tillich. Swinburne believes the laws of nature to be â€Å"corrigible† whilst Holland and Tillich argue that miracles are not violations of the laws of nature but sign events revealing God to the people. However Dawkins and Atkins support Hume’s view that miracles are only experie nced by the uneducated. Overall Hume’s reasons for rejecting miracles are valid to only a minimal extent, as he does not consider the different definitions of a miracle, and does not define what constitutes ignorant and barbarous.

Women’s Significance in To Kill a Mockingbird - 2102 Words

Women’s Significance in To Kill a Mockingbird To Kill a Mockingbird portrays the significance of the female voice and gender issues in a racist and biased community. The naà ¯ve female protagonist in To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout, is maturing and she begins to notice the horrors of being a woman. Scout is put into an environment where she realizes how the women of Maycomb County speak about others when they are not righteous themselves. The women in To Kill a Mockingbird are symbolic of race, religion, education, as well as women’s rights. The novel takes place around the 1930’s. When the North defeated the South in the Civil War, Slavery was abolished in December of 1865 but, that does not stop the small, traditional Southern towns from being prejudice against African Americans. The reader realizes this when Miss Meriwether speaks about her maid. She treats the African Americans like animals or objects rather than human beings. We see this again when Scout describes the way Aunt Alexandra treats Calpurnia. She mak es Calpurnia feel irrelevant to her life. According to Darren Felty’s criticism, Harper is trying to reveal the Southern prejudices in the South. Lee wants to make explicit the consequences of racism and to guide the readers judgment of this episode in the novel. She accomplishes these goals, in part, by employing Tom Robinsons trial to allude to the famous Scottsboro Boys trials of the 1930s. These trials featured nine black defendants accused of rape byShow MoreRelatedEssay on Silent Spring - Rachel Carson30092 Words   |  121 PagesCarson left an especially deep imprint on her youngest child. While still quite young, Rachel began writing stories about animals, and by age ten, she had published a prize-winning magazine piece. In 1925, Carson earned a scholarship for Pennsylvania Womens College where she hoped to prepare herself for a literary career by majoring in English. As had always been her habit in school, the bright but reserved student focused on academics rather than socializing and was soon one of the colleges top scholars